B. Huang et al. (2025)
Replacing cement with treated alum sludge can reduce carbon emissions by up to 86%, supported by optimisation modelling.
Industrial Symbiosis for Circular Transitions: Innovations and Systemic Impacts
This article examines the evolving role of industrial symbiosis in enabling circular economy transitions, with a focus on recent innovations and systemic impacts. It explores how collaborative exchanges of materials, energy, and by-products among industries contribute to improved resource efficiency and reduced environmental footprints. The study highlights the importance of technological advancements, digital tools, and coordinated governance in strengthening symbiotic networks. It also discusses challenges related to scalability, economic feasibility, and stakeholder alignment, emphasizing the need for integrated and system-level approaches to maximize the sustainability potential of industrial symbiosis.