MR. Chertow (2000)
Industrial symbiosis connects geographically proximate industries through collaborative exchanges of materials, energy, water and by-products. This paper reviews early IS research and the development of eco-industrial parks, organised around five types of exchanges. It highlights tools such as input–output matching, stakeholder engagement processes and material flow budgeting, while emphasising that evolutionary and cooperative approaches are essential to foster multi-actor synergies.
Industrial Symbiosis: Literature Review and Taxonomy of Concepts and Practices
This work provides a comprehensive review of the literature on industrial symbiosis, examining its conceptual development, key characteristics, and practical applications. It proposes a taxonomy to classify different forms of symbiotic interactions based on factors such as resource types, collaboration dynamics, and system boundaries. The study highlights the evolution of industrial symbiosis from isolated exchanges to more complex, network-based systems embedded in circular economy frameworks. By structuring existing knowledge, the paper supports a clearer understanding of how industrial symbiosis can be implemented and scaled across diverse industrial contexts.